chem121_out99

5/23	Matter, properties of matter, composition of matter, elements, chemical compounds, metals, non-metals, semi-metals or metalloids, state of matter, measurement & the metric system, scientific notation, SI units, density, temperature - Kelvin and Celsius scale, and Fahrenheit scale, uncertainty in measurement, precision & accuracy determining the number of significant figures, dimensional analysis & conversion factors.
5/25	Atomic theory, law of conservation of mass, law of definite proportions, Dalton's atomic theory, modern atomic theory, structure of the atom, nuclear atom, isotopes, atomic number (Z), neutron number (N), mass number (a), symbols of the elements, molecules, ions, chemical formula, empirical formula, molecular formula, mol ecules, diatomic molecules, polyatomic molecules, ions, cations, anions, oxoanions, ionic compounds, formula unit, atomic weight, amu, molecular weight, formula weight, the mole, molar mass.
5/30	Periodic table, groups, periods, main group, transition elements, metals, non-metals, metalloid, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, noble gases, halogens, electron counts of stable ions (noble gas), charges & formulas of oxoanions, form ulas of binary compounds, oxidation numbers, binary compounds of oxygen & hydrogen, oxides. Hydrides, oxidation numbers, nomenclature of inorganic compounds, tertiary compounds (Tertiary ionic compounds & salt, containing oxoanions), acids, oxoacids.

6/1

Thermite reaction, chemical equation, writing a balanced chemical equation, redo x reactions, direct synthesis reaction or combination reactions, addition reaction, decomposition reactions, single displacement reaction, activity series, double displacement reactions, precipitation reactions, gas formation reactions, hydrolysis reaction, neutralization reaction, chemistry of oxygen and its compounds: direct synthesis of oxide, peroxides/superoxides, hydration reactions, basic anhydrides, acidic anhydrides, amphoteric, acid-base reactions of oxides, stoichiometry, molar mass, mole-m ole conversion, mass-mass conversion, limiting reactants and theoretical yield, actual yield, percentage yield, molarity, dilute solutions, stoichiometric relations in solutions, titration and dilution, production of H₂SO₄, production of Fe and steel.

6/6

Energy, s pontaneous reaction, electrolysis, energy and work, KE, PE, internal energy, chemical energy, electrical energy, mechanical energy, radiant energy, and nuclear energy, law of conservation of energy, joule (J), calorie (cal), exothermic process, endothermic process, heat capacity, molar heat capacity, specific heat, calorimeter, bomb calorimeter, enthalpy change and change of physical state, enthalpy change and chemical reactions, thermochemical enthalpy of reaction, thermochemical equation, the stand ard state, state function, Hess' law, heat of formation, standard enthalpy of formation, coal, hydrocarbons from coal, gasification of coal, liquefaction of coal.

6/8

Electromagnetic radiation, V, , v, j amplitude, hertz (HZ), Types of electromagnetic radiations, atomic spectra, spectrum, continuous spectrum, line spectrum, emission spectrum, absorption spectrum, quantum theory, Plank's constant, quantum numbers, Einstein & ph otons, Bohr's model, Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, quantum mechanical model, wave mechanics, orbital, principal quantum number (n), shell, azimuthal quantum # (I), magnetic quantum # (mi), spin quantum (ms), electronic configuration of atoms, Aufban principle, Pauli exclusion principle, degenerate, ground state, excited state, Hund's rule, valance shell, valance electron, electronic configuration and periodic table, ionic charges, noble-gas chemistry, electronic configuration and periodic prope rties of atoms, nuclear charge, pairing energy, shielding effect, effective nuclear charge, metallic radius, covalent radius, ionic radius, ionization energy (ionization potential), electron affinity, periodicity and chemical reactivity, noble gasses, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, halogens.

6/13

Chemical bonds, ionic bonding, covalent bonding, metallic bonding, octet rule, Lewis symbol or electron dot symbols, ionic bonds, structures of ionic crystals, crystal lattice, ionic crystal, coordination number, heats of vaporization, heats of fusion, Born-Haber Cycle, bond energy, lattice energy, covalent bonds, single covalent bond, double bond, triple bond, bond length, valance electrons & number of bonds, structure of covalent bonds, writing Lewis formula, formal charges, resonance hybrid, exceptions to the octet rule, od d electron molecules, incomplete octets, coordinate covalent bonds, expanded valence shells, bond polarity & electronegativity, polar & nonpolar covalent bonds, polarity, nonpolar covalent bonds, polar covalent bonds, electronegativity, strength of covalent bonds, bond dissociation energy (D), average bond energy (D).

6/15

Valence-shells electron-pair (VSEPR) theory, bond angles, axial & equatorial positions, dipole moveme nt, polar & nonpolar polyatomic molecules, valence bond theory, sigma () bond, pi () bond, hybridization, hybrid orbitals, hybridization & bond angles, hybridization & multiple bonds, hybridization & delocalized orbitals, structural forms of C, hydrocarbons, alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, functional groups.

6/20

Properties of gases, liquids & acids, pressure, barometer, atmosphere, the gas laws, ideal gases, Boyle's Law, Charles' Law, combined gas law, Gay-Lussac's Law of combining volumes, Avogadro's hypothesis, molar volume, STP, ideal gas law, moles of a gas, mass of a gas, density of a gas, stoichiometric calculations, Dalton's law of partial pressure, Graham's law of effusion & diffusion, kinetic molecular theory of gases, deviations from ideal behavior, p olarizability, London dispersion forces, compressibility factor, van der Waals equation, gaseous oxygen species, allotrope, gaseous nitrogen species, N₂, NH₃, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen, CO, CO₂, gaseous S species.

6/22

Intermolecular forces (instantaneous - dipole - induced - dipole forces), instantaneous dipole , induced dipole, dipole - induced - dipole forces, dipole - dipole forces, ion-dipole forces, H - bonds, trends in intermolecular forces, properties of the liquid state, viscosity, surface tension, meniscus, properties of water & ice, amorphous solid, crystalline solid, crystals, crystal lattice, unit cell, simple cube, body centered cubic, face centered cubic, lattice planes, hexagonal closest-packed structure, cubic closest-packed structure, structures of ionic crystals, tetrahedral holes, oct ahedral holes, types of crystalline solids, ionic solids, metallic solids, network covalent solids, band theory, metals & semiconductors, valence band, conduction band, doping, phase changes, evaporation, H vap, condensation, equilibrium, vapor pressure, boiling point, normal boiling point, critical point, critical pressure, critical temperature, freezing point, normal freezing point, melting point, sublimation, phase equilibria, heating & cooling curve, supercooling, phase diagram, triple po int.

6/27

Solubility, measuring concentration of solutions, the solution process, effect of molecular structure on solubility, effect of temperature on solubility, effect of pressure on solubility, electrolyte solutions, reaction in aqueous solutions, impurities in water, purification of municipal water supplies, hard water & water softening, vapor pressure, boiling point, freezing point, colligative properties, and molar masses, osm osis, desalinization of sea water, low salt diet, distillation, freezing, & reverse osmosis.

In the beginning of every lecture period therewill be a quiz on the material covered in the previous lecture.

If you need two points or less to move from oneletter grade to the other, you will automatically get thosepoints. However, if you need greater than 2, but less than 5,please talk to me.

Attendance of all lecture sessions isimperative. To discourage class absentia, the following penaltieswill be strictly followed:

"All the handouts distributed in aparticular lecture session will not be given to those who missthat session except those who inform me before, either verballyor written, or on the telephone."

Any student who has a disability that preventsthe fullest expression of abilities should contact me as soon aspossible so that we can discuss class requirements.

1. Participation in class discussion is veryimportant. Asking questions in class will improve your grade.

3. All the exams will be returned to you aftergrading. Record your grades in the grade record page. Don't loseyour exam papers, they will help you in case of error infinal calculation of the grade. If you did not get your exam backin time, ask me.

4. If you are not satisfied with the grade,contact me within a week after you receive the grades. However,after one week, no change in grades will be accepted.

5. If you believe at the end of the semesterthat there is an error in the final grading, bring all your examsTO MY OFFICE for reconsideration within 48 hours. However,once the grades are submitted to the registrar's office, nochange will be accepted. Remember you must have substantial datato back your claim.